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K. Amutha ¹, S. Aishwarya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, VELS University, Velan Nagar, Pallavaram, Chennai- 600 0117, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Natural remedies from medicinal plants are considered to be effective and safe alternative treatment for diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of methanol extract of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels. seed in pathogenic bacteria and streptozotocin-induced diabetic, which was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. S. cumini, a medicinal plant for diabetes mellitus are regularly using powered form of seeds. Methanol extract of S. cumini seeds was analyzed against pathogenic bacteria. Anti- bacterial activity shown good results with Bacillus subtilis, E.coli, Staphylococcus aures and Klebsella pneumonia. TLC and HPLC analysis proves the presence of 11 various compounds. Experimental trials with rats proved that seeds possess promising activity against diabetes mellitus. The continuous treatment of Syzygium cumini for a period of fifteen days produced a significant decrease in the blood sugar level of diabetic rats.

Keywords

Syzygium cumini, Diabetes Mellitus, Seeds, Diabetic Rats, HPLC.

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K. Amutha ¹, K. Rajagopal ², B. Senthil Kumaran ², S. Karthikeyan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, VELS University, Pallavaram, Chennai -600117, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, VELS University, Velan Nagar, Pallavaram, Chennai- 600 0117, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Two independent experiments were performed to isolate diseases cell lines of Cleome viscosa from leaf segments. In the first experiment, callus induction was obtained on Murashige and Skoog medium with different concentrations of Thidiazuron (TDZ). Best dedifferentiation rates of 2.08 g fresh weight occurred in the presence of 2.0 mg/l. In the second experiment, Aspergillus nigar and Aspergillus flavus were prominently isolated from garden soil and infected leaves respectively. Biochemical studies of anthocyanin accumulation at the different elicitor treated callus tissue revealed isolation and characterization of diseases resistant cell lines. Among different concentration, 0.5 gm/l mycelia of both fungal strains elucitate the maximam accumulation of anthocyanin. The best accumulation of anthocyanin was achieved with elicitors of A. flavus. Hence, pathogenic fungi are more effective for elicitation and to develop diseases resistant traits.

Keywords

Callus, Cleome viscosa, Anthocyanin, Aspergillus, Medicinal Plant.

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G. B. Brindha Devi ¹, K. Amutha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, VELS University, Velan Nagar, Pallavaram, Chennai- 600 0117, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, VELS University, Pallavaram, Chennai – 600117, IN

Abstract

Blumea mollis (Asteraceae) has been widely used in the traditional medicinal system for the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, to be clinically useful, more scientific data are needed. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of B. mollis on acute and chronic inflammation. To assess the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities, water extract of B. mollis was tested in carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema. The rat paw oedema is considered as one of the most useful laboratory tests for assessing the anti-inflammatory activity of potential herbal crude extracts. The paw volumes, pyrexia and writhes in experimental rats were reduced significantly (p < 0.05) as compared to that of control. The anti-inflammatory effect of B. mollis clearly illustrates that the extracts obtained with the whole plant parts produced statistically significant acute anti-inflammatory effects.

Keywords

Paw Oedema, Blume Mollis, Carageenan, Herbal Extracts.

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K. Amutha ¹, D. Victor Arokia Doss ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Medicinal value of Barleria cristata is known traditionally in India. In the present study preliminary phytochemical screening, quantitative determination of secondary metabolites, vitamin content and in vitro antioxidant activity were carried out. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Phyto-chemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, phenols and tannins in ethanol and aqueous extracts of Barleria cristata. The 50% ethanolic extract of leaves showed significant antioxidant activity which is due to the occurrence of secondary metabolites that can be used as antioxidant agents in future.

Keywords

Barleria cristata, Phytochemicals, in vitro Antioxidant Activity, Free Radical Scavenging Activity, Ash Value.

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K. Amutha ¹, A. Ashok Kumar ¹, A. Godavari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-117, IN

Abstract

Now mobile phones are used for communication between different sectors of society. This study identifies the bacterial contamination of mobile phones obtained from various places of the Chennai city among the general public that are in frequent contact with each and everyone, in today's world. A total of 10 mobile phones belonging to different areas in Chennai were screened for microorganism contamination. Mobile swab samples were collected from 10 different areas from Chennai and were dipped into 1ml sterile distilled water and spread plate method was performed to isolate the bacteria in nutrient media. Antibacterial activity of aqueous extracts of fresh neem leaves against isolated bacteria was determined by agar well diffusion method. Isolated bacterial cultures were identified by studying colony characteristics, Gram staining and Biochemical analysis based on Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. Out of the total 10 mobile phones, Identified Organisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Lactobacillus sp., Bacillussubtilis, Vibrio cholera, Escherichiacoli, Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Proteus vulgaris. It was found that the mobile phones of the general public were contaminated and thus acted as a potential source of various infections. Neem extract had a higher antibacterial activity of all the isolates.

Keywords

Mobile Bacterial Isolates, Antibacterial Activity, Neem Extract, Spread Plate, Gram’s Staining.

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A. Godavari ¹, K. Amutha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-117, IN

Abstract

There has been an enormous interest in the development of alternative medicines for type 2 diabetes, specifically screening for phytochemicals with the ability to delay or prevent glucose absorption. The goal of the present study was to provide in vitro evidence for potential inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes, of the Ethyl acetate extract of Garcinia mangostana and study its Total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The extract showed appreciable α-glucosidase inhibitory effect in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 23.58 ± 1.69μg/ml) and a weak α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 4.3 ± 0.61 mg/ml). The results indicate higher TAC (expressed as ascorbic acid equivalent) of the Ethyl acetate extract possesses significant total antioxidant capacity equivalent to ascorbic acid at higher concentration. α- amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition may possibly be one of the mechanisms for the G. mangostana extracts to exert antidiabetic activity and indicates that it can be considered as a potential candidate for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords

Garcinia mangostana, Antidiabetic Activity, Total Antioxidant Activity, Alpha-Amylase, Alphaglucosidase.

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